Cambridge Profeciency Listening Test 3 Part 3
You will hear an interview with a sports writer aboutfootball referees. For each question choose the answer (A, B, C or D,) which fits best according to what you hear.
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Question 1 |
You will hear an interview with a sports writer aboutfootball referees. For each question, choose the answer (A, B, C or D,) whichfits best according to what you hear.
Martin says that referees become concerned if
A | they are no longer chosen for important matches, |
B | they cease to cause strong reactions |
C | they feel that other referees do not regard them highly.
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D | they attract a lot of attention from strangers. |
Question 1 Explanation:
Martin says that a referee worries most about His future when he stops getting letters and is no longer being booed outside football grounds. The letters are those he has previously referred to, which contain praise and sour (hostile, angry) abuse (insults, rude and nasty remarks). If a group of people or a crowd 'boos’, they show their disapproval or dislike of someone by shouting ‘boo’ loudly and repeatedly. He is therefore saying that referees worry if they stop getting these reactions.
Question 2 |
Martin says that referees think they gain the respect of players by
A | resorting to strict discipline when it is necessary. |
B | adopting different approaches with different players. |
C | showing that they do not care what players think of them. |
D | treating players with a certain amount of tolerance.
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Question 2 Explanation:
Martin says that referees like to think that players respect them both for their astuteness (quality of being clever and perceptive) and their fairness. He says they are like schoolteachers who see themselves as being close to the boys (friendly with them rather than a distant, strict authority figure) or police detectives who think that give- and-take (willingness to make compromises by which both sides tolerate each other) is the best way to deal with criminals. What he is saying is that they think that players respect them if they are not too strict with them but allow them to do some bad things without punishing them.
Question 3 |
According to Martin, it would be wrong to believe that referees
A | are not passionately interested in football.
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B | do not feel that they are performing a duty. |
C | are largely motivated by their own vanity. |
D | are poorly paid for their efforts.
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Question 3 Explanation:
Martin’s general point here is that it is wrong to see referees as people who have unselfish motives, because it is not public-spiritedness (the desire to provide the public with a service) that makes people want to be referees and there is much more satisfying of ego than disinterest in the motive (a major reason why people become referees is that they want to feel important). However, he does say that there is undoubtedly a deep absorption in football here (referees are certainly extremely enthusiastic about football). In other words, he is saying that they do have selfish motives, but that it would be wrong to think they aren’t really extremely keen on football
Question 4 |
What does Martin say about the system for assessing referees?
A | It causes some referees to be indecisive.
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B | It requires referees not to be sensitive people. |
C | It enables poor referees to be identified quickly.
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D | It leads to inconsistencies in referees’ decisions. |
Question 4 Explanation:
Martin says that under these circumstances (because of the system of assessment of referees), it is not overstating (exaggerating) the referee's predicament (difficult situation) to say that a referee has to have a skin like a rhinoceros (a rhinoceros has a thick skin and to be thick-skinned’ means ‘not to be sensitive to criticism’) and to be as deaf as a post (this is an idiom meaning ‘completely deaf - in this context, it means to ignore criticism, not to listen to criticism’). His point is that they have to be like this because they are criticized by the crowd during the game and then they are criticized by their assessors after it.
Question 5 |
Martin says that a referee should deal with the bad behaviour of players by
A | informing them that they cannot influence his decisions. |
B | admitting to them when he has made a mistake under pressure. |
C | deciding rapidly what a player's real intention was. |
D | treating the worst offences with the greatest severity. |
Question 5 Explanation:
Martin says that a referee should be able to differentiate (know the difference) quickly between the spontaneous (said without previous thought or planning) expletives (rude words, swear words) of angered players and the malevolent (said deliberately in order to upset) abuse (nasty remarks) of those trying to intimidate him (frighten him in order to influence what he does). He also says that there are times during games when gamesmanship (trying to win games by upsetting the opponent or by doing things which are not strictly according to the rules but do not actually break them) and outright (clear, open, without doubt) villainy (wicked, very bad behaviour) test a referee to his limit (put the maximum amount of pressure on a referee), and that a referee has to decide instantly which of the two (gamesmanship or outright villainy) is present in an incident (when something violent or controversial happens during a game that a referee must make a decision about). His point is that referees must decide quickly' whether players intend to intimidate them or are simply reacting automatically when they say nasty things to them, and they must decide ‘instantly’ whether players have truly bad intentions or are simply using ‘gamesmanship’ when there is an unpleasant incident during a game.
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